June 11, 2025

Section-wise Comparison between Income Tax Act 2025 and Income Tax Act 1961

Detailed section-wise mapping of provisions between Income Tax Act, 1961 and Income Tax Act, 2025 for easy comparison and reference.

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Section-wise Comparison between Income Tax Act 2025 and Income Tax Act 1961

CHAPTER IV – Computation of total income

Here’s the section-wise analysis of CHAPTER IV – Computation of total income of the Income-tax Act, 1961 comparing with the Income-tax Act, 2025:

Section (1961)	Section heading as per Income-tax Act, 1961	Corresponding Section (Income-tax Act, 2025)
14	Heads of Income.	Section-13
14A	Expenditure incurred in relation to income not includible in total income.	Section-14
15	Salaries.	Section-15
16	Deductions from salaries.	Section-19
17(1)	“Salary”, “perquisite” and “profits in lieu of salary” defined.	Section-16
17(2)	“Salary”, “perquisite” and “profits in lieu of salary” defined.	Section-17
17(3)	“Salary”, “perquisite” and “profits in lieu of salary” defined.	Section-18
18	[Omitted by the Finance Act, 1987, w.e.f. 1-4-1988.]	Omitted
19	[Omitted by the Finance Act, 1987, w.e.f. 1-4-1988.]	Omitted
20	[Omitted by the Finance Act, 1987, w.e.f. 1-4-1988.]	Omitted
21	[Omitted by the Finance Act, 1987, w.e.f. 1-4-1988.]	Omitted
22	Income from house property.	Section-20
23	Annual value how determined.	Section-21
24	Deductions from income from house property.	Section-22
25	Amounts not deductible from income from house property.	Section-23
25A	Special provision for arrears of rent and unrealised rent received subsequently.	Section-23
26	Property owned by co-owners.	Section-24
27	“Owner of house property”, “annual charge”, etc., defined.	Section-25
28	Profits and gains of business or profession.	Section-26
29	Manner of computing profits and gains of business or profession.	Section-27
30	Rent, rates, taxes, repairs and insurance for buildings.	Section-28
31	Repairs and insurance of machinery, plant and furniture.	Section-28
32	Depreciation.	Section-33
32A	Investment Allowance.	Redundant
32AB	Investment deposit account.	Redundant
32AC	Investment in new plant or machinery.	Redundant
32AD	Investment in new plant or machinery in notified backward areas in certain States.	Redundant
33	Development Rebate.	Redundant
33A	Development Allowance.	Redundant
33AB	Tea development account, coffee development account and rubber development account.	Section-48, Schedule IX
33ABA	Site Restoration Fund.	Section-49, Schedule X
33AC	Reserves for shipping business.	Redundant
33B	Rehabilitation allowance	Redundant
34	Conditions for development allowance and development rebate	Redundant
34A	Restriction on unabsorbed depreciation and unabsorbed investment allowance for limited period in case of certain domestic companies.	Redundant
35	Expenditure on scientific research.	Section-45
35A	Expenditure on acquisition of patent rights or copyrights.	Redundant
35AB	Expenditure on know-how.	Redundant
35ABA	Expenditure for obtaining right to use spectrum for telecommunication services.	Section-52
35ABB	Expenditure for obtaining license to operate telecommunication services.	Section-52
35AC	Expenditure on eligible projects or scheme.	Redundant
35AD	Deduction in respect of expenditure on specified business.	Section-46
35B	Export Market Development Allowance.	Redundant
35C	Agricultural development allowance.	Omitted
35CC	Rural Development Allowance.	Redundant
35CCA	Expenditure by way of payment to associations and institutions for carrying out rural development programmes.	Redundant
35CCB	Expenditure by way of payment to associations and institutions for carrying out programmes of conservation of natural resources.	Redundant
35CCC	Expenditure on agricultural extension project.	Section-47
35CCD	Expenditure on skill development project.	Section-47
35D	Amortisation of certain preliminary expenses.	Section-44
35DD	Amortisation of expenditure in case of amalgamation or demerger.	Section-52
35DDA	Amortisation of expenditure incurred under voluntary retirement scheme.	Section-52
35E	Deduction for expenditure on prospecting, etc for certain minerals.	Section-51
36	Other Deductions.	Section-29, Section-30, Section-31, Section-32
37	General.	Section-34
38	Building, etc., partly used for business, etc., or not exclusively used.	Section-28, Section-33
39	Managing Agency commission.	Redundant
40	Amounts not deductible.	Section-35
40A	Expenses or payments not deductible in certain circumstances.	Section-29, Section-32, Section-36
41	Profits chargeable to tax.	Section-38
42	Special provisions for deductions in the case of business for prospecting, etc. For mineral oils.	Section-54
43	Definitions of certain terms relevant to income from profits and gains of business or profession.	Section-39, Section-41, Section-66
43A	Special provisions consequential to change in rate of exchange of currency.	Section-42
43AA	Taxation of foreign exchange fluctuation.	Section-43
43B	Certain deductions to be only on actual payments.	Section-37
43C	Special provision for computation of cost of acquisition of certain assets.	Section-40
43CA	Special provision for full value of consideration for transfer of assets other than capital assets in certain cases	Section-53
43CB	Computation of income from construction and service contracts.	Section-57
43D	Special provision in case of income of public financial institutions, [public companies,], etc.	Section-56
44	Insurance business.	Section-55
44A	Special provision in the case of trade, profession or similar association.	Section-50
44AA	Maintenance of accounts by certain persons carrying on profession or business.	Section-62
44AB	Audit of accounts by certain persons carrying on profession or business.	Section-63
44AC	Special provision for computing profits and gains from business of trading in certain goods.	Redundant
44AD	Special provision for computing profits and gains of business on presumptive basis.	Section-58
44ADA	Special provision for computing profits and gains of profession on presumptive basis.	Section-58
44AE	Special provision for computing profits and gains of business of plying, hiring or leasing goods carriages .	Section-58
44AF	Special provision for computing profits and gains of retail business .	Redundant
44B	Special provision for computing profits and gains of shipping business in the case of non- residents.	Section-61
44BB	Special provision for computing profits and gains in connection with the business of exploration, etc. Of mineral oils.	Section-61
44BBA	Special provision for computing profits and gains of the business of operation of aircraft in the case of non-residents.	Section-61
44BBB	Special provision for computing profits and gains of foreign companies engaged in the business of civil constructions, etc. In certain turnkey power projects.	Section-61
44BBC	Special provision for computing profits and gains of the business of operation of cruise ships in the case of non-residents.	Section-61
44BBD	Special provision for computing profits and gains of non-residents engaged in business of providing services or technology for setting up an electronics manufacturing facility or in connection with manufacturing or producing electronic goods, article or thing in India.	Section-61
44C	Deduction of head office expenditure in the case of non-residents.	Section-60
44D	Special provision for computing income by way of royalties, etc., in the case of foreign companies.	Redundant
44DA	Special provision for computing income by way of royalties, etc., in the case of non-residents.	Section-59
44DB	Special provision for computing deductions in the case of business reorganization of co-operative banks.	Section-65
45	Capital gains.	Section-67
46	Capital gains on distribution of assets by companies in liquidation.	Section-68
46A	Capital gains on purchase by company of its own shares or other specified securities.	Section-69
47	Transactions not regarded as transfer.	Section-70
47A	Withdrawal of exemption in certain cases.	Section-71
48	Mode of computation of capital gains.	Section-72
49	Cost with reference to certain modes of acquisition.	Section-73
50	Special provision for computation of capital gains in case of depreciable assets.	Section-74
50A	Special provision for cost of acquisition in case of depreciable asset.	Section-75
50AA	Special provision for computation of capital gains in case of Market Linked Debenture.	Section-76
50B	Special provision for computation of capital gains in case of slump sale.	Section-77
50C	Special provision for full value of consideration in certain cases.	Section-78
50CA	Special provision for full value of consideration for transfer of share other than quoted share.	Section-79
50D	Fair market value considered to be full value of consideration in certain cases.	Section-80
51	Advance money received.	Section-81
52	Consideration for transfer in cases of understatement. [Omitted by the Finance Act, 1987, w.e.f. 1-4-1988.]	Omitted
53	Exemption of capital gains from a residential house.[Omitted by the Finance Act, 1992, w.e.f. 1-4-1993.]	Omitted
54	Profit on sale of property used for residence.	Section-82
54A	Relief of tax on capital gains in certain cases. [Omitted by the Finance (No. 2) Act, 1971, w.e.f. 1- 4-1972. Original section was inserted by the Finance Act, 1965, w.e.f. 1-4-1965. The Direct Tax Laws (Amendment) Act, 1989 has deleted section 54A,dealing with relief of tax on capital gains on transfer of property held under trust for charitable or religious purposes or by certain institution, earlier inserted by the Direct Tax Laws (Amendment) Act, 1987, w.e.f. 1-4-1989.]	Omitted
54B	Capital gains on transfer of land used for agricultural purposes not to be charged in certain cases	Section-83
54C	Capital gain on transfer of jewellery held for personal use not to be charged in certain cases.[Omitted by the Finance Act, 1976, w.e.f. 1-4-1976. Original section was inserted by the Finance Act, 1972, w.e.f. 1-4-1973.]	Omitted
54D	Capital gains on compulsory acquisition of lands and buildings not to be charged in certain cases.	Section-84
54E	Capital gain on transfer of capital assets not to be charged in certain cases.	Omitted
54EA	Capital gain on transfer of long-term capital assets not to be charged in the case of investment in specified securities.	Omitted
54EB	Capital gain on transfer of long-term capital assets not to be charged in certain cases.	Omitted
54EC	Capital gains not to be charged on investment in certain bonds.	Section-85
54ED	Capital gain on transfer of certain listed securities or unit not to be charged in certain cases.	Omitted
54EE	Capital gain not to be charged on investment in units of a specified fund.	Omitted
54F	Capital gains on transfer of certain capital assets not to be charged in case of investment in residential house.	Section-86
54G	Exemption of capital gains on transfer of assets in cases of shifting of industrial undertaking from urban area.	Section-87
54GA	Exemption of capital gains on transfer of assets in cases of shifting of industrial undertaking from urban area to any Special Economic Zone.	Section-88
54GB	Capital gain on transfer of residential property not to be charged in certain cases.	Omitted
54H	Extension of time for acquiring new asset or depositing or investing amount of capital gains.	Section-89
55	Meaning of “adjusted”, “cost of improvement” and “cost of acquisition”.	Section-90
55A	Reference to Valuation Officer	Section-91
56	Income from other sources.	Section-92
57	Deductions.	Section-93
58	Amounts not deductible.	Section-94
59	Profits chargeable to tax.	Section-95

Suresh Prasad

Suresh Prasad is a trusted author and expert in Indian Taxation and Corporate Law, simplifying complex legal topics for professionals, students, and businesses. Follow him on LinkedIn and X(Twitter).

May 1, 2025

in Income Tax